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Based in Kathmandu,
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■ RESOURCES: Reporting/Writing on the Constitution-Making Process (CMP) in Nepal (Nov. 30/2009) ■ ONGOING ACTIVITY: The South Asia Media Bibliography Project
(Nov. 09/2009) ■ RESOURCES: Reporting and Follow-Up on
the Jajarkot Diarrhea Epidemic (Aug. 28/2009) ■■■■■■■■ |
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Online Resources for Journalists Reporting/Writing on the
Constitution-Making Process (CMP) in Nepal
It includes global and national historical perspectives,
a timeline for Nepal, links to Constitutional Committees and their
activities, and useful online resources on CMP and the role of media. Above
all, this tool kit is designed to help locate relevant information quickly
and efficiently in a single platform. Constitutional waves in
history As of
November 20, 2009, the Constitution-finder
(at University of Virginia at Richmond) records a total of 201 constitutions of nations
and territories around the world. According to Dr Jochen
Abr. Frowein, Director of the Max-Planck-Institute for Comparative Public
Law and International Law, there have been at least 3 major waves of
constitution making in history. The first began after World War I. The second
started after the liberalization process, following World War II. The collapse of the communist empire and the end of Cold
War in 1989 coincided with another wave of constitution
making, in what is also described as the “third
wave” of democratization process. A recent
(March 4-7, 2008) Princeton University
deliberation notes that the newest wave of constitution making has
several distinct causes: “The new wave
of constitution making has several distinct causes. Institutional crisis and the shift to
multi-party rule as an attempt to generate greater governmental
accountability necessitated new constitutions in some instances. In others, people have lost confidence
in democracy and now seek to re-work some of the institutional arrangements putt
in place earlier [Somewhat relevant to Nepal]. Wars and peace
settlements [Relevant to Nepal], or the collapse of federations, have also precipitated the creation
of new constitutions. In some
instances, constitutions and constitution making are frameworks for continued
negotiations and must assume the difficult task of creating order.” Constitutions
in history (some major examples) Israel: The Ten Commandments of Moses
(recorded them circa 1450 BCE) is considered to be
one of the earliest written constitutions or super-law (covenant). Greece: Athenian Constitution, more of a
treatise than an abiding document (Written 350 B.C., most probably by
Aristotle) Middle-East: Muslims regard the Covenant of Medina,
signed in 622 AD, as the world's first written
constitution. Modern world (key
examples). These were all messy affairs, requiring long dialogue,
compromises and amendments: USA: Following the United States Declaration of Independence
on July 4, 1776, the independent 13 States adopted the US Articles of
Confederations in the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777.
But the accord did not help in the unity between States. The actual writing
of the Constitution took a few months, but it was only ten years later
(September 17, 1787) that the Constitution of the United
States was adopted on). It took 116 days between
the convention and adoption. The new States agreed to vote for the
Constitution a year later (1788) only when the framers promised to
write and add Bill of Rights to
the constitution (the first ten amendments to the
Constitution). France: Adopted on 3 Sept 1791. Original French
Constitution, in French, published in Journal Officiel de la République
Française, 5 October
1958. In English
version (from National Assembly of France Website). The process
took over two years. The
French National Assembly began the process of drafting a constitution in the summer of
1789. Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
was approved by the National
Assembly of France, August 26, 1789. It eventually
became the preamble of the constitution. The constitution dissolved for a
year due to internal strife, until October, 1792. Norway: Signed on 17
May 1814, available at the Stortinget, the Parliament of Norway (amended on 20 February 2007) Written during late winter and
spring of 1814 (inspired by U.S. and French constitutions). Other
earlier constitutions: Belgium
(1831)
Argentina (1853)
Luxembourg (1868)
Switzerland (1874; amended 1999, English & Nepali). Neighboring
countries/South Asia
(the figures in parenthesis are not necessarily the years of first adoption):
Afghanistan (2004) Bangladesh
(1972), Bhutan (2008) China
(adopted 4 Dec 1982)
India (1949) the Maldives (2006) Nepal
(interim, 2008) Pakistan (1999) Sri Lanka (1978). The
Indian Constitution process also took a long time, although not the actual
writing of it. The seeds of the Indian Constitution (adopted on
November 26, 1949) had been sown in
the Government of India Act 1935,
some 12 years before Independence in the midnight of 14 Aug, 1947, when
constitutional committees were also formed. The draft constitution was
written between Aug 29 and Nov 4, 1947 (a total of 67 days). But it took
almost 3 years for open deliberation before it was adopted on 24 January,
1950. Some
Lessons from post-conflict countries (with prolonged civil wars, internal
strife) The CMP processes in Timor-Leste
and Afghanistan, two of Asia’s post-conflict nations, and, for example,
in Somalia, were messy, discordant, full of many compromises or
time-consuming: Afghanistan: Promulgated its latest Constitution; the sixth in the
country, on January 4, 2004, more than 2 years after the Afghan Constitutional
Commission was established on October 5, 2002. There were many disagreements
and some postponements. Somalia: After the peace agreement in
2004, Somalia began the CMP process with the goal to endorse the Constitution
by the end of the five-year transitional
period. However, volatile security and political environment has hampered the
work and it has not been promulgated yet.
Timor-Leste: Referendum held on Aug 30, 1999. A year later, on
Aug 30, 2001, elections held for an assembly to
write a constitution. Six months later, on Feb 9, 2002, constitution
approved. Nepal’s
experience The timeline of constitutional development in Nepal goes
back to 1768, when the
state of Nepal was formed. But it was only 180 years later that the first law
of the land, Nepal Sarkar Baidhanik
Kanoon, 1948 (2004 B.S.) or Government of Nepal Act
2004 (English/Nepali), was
written during the reign of Rana ruler Padma Shumshere (adopted on 1
April, 1948). After the Rana Constitution, 5
more constitutions have been written and adopted: The Nepal Interim
Government Act, 1951 (2007 B.S.) (English/Nepali), which
saw 6 amendments, until the first general elections of 1959, when the first
truly democratic Constitution-- The Constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal,
1959 (2015 B.S.) (English/Nepali) was
written and adopted. It was short-lived; less than two years later, King Mahendra introduced an assertive form of monarchy and
outlawed political parties. The Constitution of Nepal 1962 (2019 B.S.) (English/Nepali)
legitimized a one-party Panchyat rule. It was
amended in 1967, 1976, and 1980. Following the referendum of 1980, political restrictions
were eased but political parties were not legalized until after the popular
movement of 1990. After the restoration of multi-party democracy and
constitutional monarchy, the Constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal, 1990 (2047
B.S.) (English/Nepali) was
adopted on Nov. 9, 1990. Following a decade-long Maoist civil war, and a
popular movement in mid-April 2006, the Interim Constitution of Nepal
2007(2063 B.S.) was promulgated in January 2007. It suspended monarchy. Owing
to many power struggles and grievances, this interim document has been
amended as many as 6 times. Most stable democracies amend their constitutions rather
than suspend or scrap them to write a new one. However, Nepal’s
experience is steeped in many power struggles, culminating in new writings of
Constitutions. · All past Constitutions can be found
at sambhidhan.org Timeline:
The New Republic & Constitution-making So far (as of November, 2009), the Constitutional Commission
calendar has been amended for the 6th time. Sep 26, 2007: The Seven-Party Alliance endorses
a republican agenda Dec 28, 2007: Parliament votes in favor of
abolishing monarchy Apr 10, 2008: Historic Constituent Assembly
Elections held May 27, 2008: Nepal swore in 575 lawmakers May 28, 2008: Lawmakers vote just before
midnight to abolish the 240-year-old Hindu monarchy and establish a secular
republic June 11, 2008: Deposed king Gyanendra
leaves palace June 26, 2008: PM Girija
Prasad Koirala resigns to clear the way for the
formation of a new coalition government July 19, 2008: Lawmakers vote to elect the
country’s president; no candidate won the 298 votes necessary July 21, 2008: Ram Baran
Yadav of Nepali Congress (NC) elected the President
July 23, 2008: Subash Nemwang of CPN (UML) unanimously elected the chairman of
the Constituent Assembly (CA) 15 Aug, 2008: Pushpa Kamal Dahal “Prachanda” elected Prime Minister of Nepal Nov 16, 2008: Constitution Assembly endorses
schedule for Constitutional Commission, the deadline for promulgation of the
constitution on May 28, 2010 Dec 29, 2008: CA makes first amendment to CC
calendar Jan 6, 2009: CA makes second amendment to CC
calendar Jan 13, 2009: Madhav
Nepal assigned chair of the CA Constitutional Committee April 13, 2009: CA makes third amendment to CC
calendar April 29, 2009: CA makes fourth amendment to CC
calendar May 4, 2009: Pushpa Kamal Dahal resigns May 23, 2009: The Parliament elected CPN-UML
leader Madhav Kumar Nepal as the new Prime Minister July 16, 2009: CA makes fifth amendment to CC
calendar August 28, 2009: Nilamber
Acharya from Nepali Congress (NC) elected chair of the
Constitution Drafting Commission Sept 9, 2009: CA makes sixth amendment to CC
calendar Committees
of the Constitutional Commission Works of the committees have not moved smoothly. As of
November-end, 2009, as reflected on the Website of the
Constitutional Assembly of Nepal, only 4 committees had submitted preliminary
draft report and the concept paper. There is the need for the news media to
closely scrutinize their works and follow each committee more consistently,
substantively and equally. Main Constitutional
Committee ·
Constitutional Committee – Preliminary draft and
concept paper submitted, submission date not mentioned in
the draft. Secretary: Tek Prasad Dhungana (Phone # 977-1 5531218 Mobile # 977-9841362086) Thematic Committees ·
National Interest
Preservation Committee – No info on concept paper submitted
on Friday, May 22, 2009 (98 meetings, 337 hours) Phone # 977-01-4200229
Email: pnic@can.gov.np Committee Secretary: Krishna
Hari Khadka (Phone #
4200229) ·
Form of the Legislative Body
Committee – Concept paper/preliminary draft report not
complete (as of Nov 2009). Phone # 977-01-4200124/4200178 Toll Free 1660 01 22344
Email: legislativebody@can.gov.np Committee
Secretary: Baldev Khadka
(Phone # 4200124) ·
Committee for
Determining the Base of Cultural and Social solidarity – No
info online, Email: socio_cultural_solidarity@can.gov.np
·
Committee on the
Distribution of Natural Resources, Financial Rights and Public Revenue
- Preliminary draft and concept paper submitted on Friday, November 27, 2009
(98 meetings, 337 hours). Secretaries: Ram Sharan Ghimire (Phone # 4200206, mobile # 9741013119), Dr. Ravi Sharma Aryal (mobile #
9841417680) Email:
natural.resource@can.gov.np ·
Committee for
Determining the Structure of Constitutional Bodies. No info
on concept paper/preliminary draft report (as of Nov 2009).Phone #
977-01-4211812/4104014 Email: cbody_committee@yahoo.com or cbody_committee@can.gov.np ·
Judicial System Committee
- No info on concept paper/preliminary draft report (as of Nov 2009). No
contact address except the Email: jsc@can.gov.np ·
Committee for Determination
of Forms of the Governance of State - No info on concept
paper/preliminary draft report (as of Nov 2009). Phone # 977-1-42000134,
977-1-4200344. Email: rssn_samiti@can.gov.np
Secretary: Mukunda Sharma (Phone # 977-1-42000134,
977-1-4200344) ·
State Restructuring
Committee – No info on concept paper/preliminary draft
report (as of Nov 2009). Phone # 4120094/4200194 Email: restruct.state@can.gov.np
Sectrary: Thakur Prasad Baral (Phone # 977-14200194 Mobile # 9741013103) ·
Committee for the Protection
of the Fundamental Rights of Minorities and Marginalized Communities
– Preliminary draft and final concept paper
submitted, submission date not mentioned in the document. No contact address,
phone # or email ID given. ·
Committee on Fundamental
Rights and Directive Principles – No info on concept
paper/preliminary draft report (as of Nov 2009). Phone # 977-1-4200233 Toll
Free 1660 01 22344. Secretary: Toya Nath Bhattarai (Phone #
977-1-4200233). Email: moulik.hak@can.gov.np Procedural Committees · Committee on Citizens
– No info on concept paper/preliminary draft report (as of Nov 2009).
It has two sub-committees— Civil Relation Committee (members’ phone #s given)
and Empowerment Committee (Phone # 977-1-4200097 or directly the Secretary: Birendra Bahadur Karki, mobile # 9741013110). Committee email crc@can.gov.np · Public Opinion Collection
and Coordination Committee - No info on concept paper/preliminary
draft report (as of Nov 2009). No contact address except the Email: poccc@can.gov.np · Capacity Building &
Source Management Committee - No info on concept paper/preliminary
draft report (as of Nov 2009). Committee Email: cbsm@can.gov.np Secretary: Birendra
Bahadur Karki Phone # #
9741013110 Useful Links on Constitution-building in Nepal · Constitutional Committee,
Constituent Assembly of Nepal (official Website): Available (in Nepali
language) CC members and staff
(their phone numbers included), calendar of CC,
its jurisdiction, major decisions, TOR, and report submitted
by the Drafting Sub-Committee · The Centre for Constitutional
Dialogue (CCD) is a resource centre established to
support Nepal’s constitution making process. The CCD is an initiative
by the UNDP project on Support to Participatory Constitution Building in
Nepal. Includes resources on
Constitutions and Constitution-making · UNDP Support to Constitution Building, a
critical component
of its rule of law work around the world, includes a variety of information on the CMP as well as on
topics of special interest such as minorities, civil society and the media. It also
archives the news on CMP
covered by Nepal’s media. ·
IDEA/Nepal has several useful publications and
policy analyses, including a glossary of
federalism terms and citizens’ guide
to creating the new Constitution. · The Comparative Constitutions
Project by scholars committed to assisting constitutional design,
in collaboration with the United States Institute of Peace, offers a global
perspective. They also have a blog. Some expert references on the Constitution or
its making Constitution Making
in Nepal: Report of a Conference organized by the Constitution Advisory
Support Unit,
UNDP, 3 - 4 March 2007, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Available here, in PDF
format] Creating the New
Constitution: A Guide for Nepali Citizens (Yash Ghai
and Jill Cottrell, Eds.), International Institute for Democracy and Electoral
Assistance (International IDEA), Feb 2009. Available
in Nepali and English; can be downloaded in PDF
after registration. Towards a Lasting
Peace in Nepal: The Constitutional Issues, International Crisis Group, Brussels, 15 June, 2005. [Available in HTML
and Word] “Paper by Surya Nath Upadhyaya on Making of the
1990 Constitution,” (Available as Appendix 2, in Constitution Making in Nepal,
pp. 45-48). Michael Hutt, “Drafting
the Nepal Constitution, 1990”, Asian
Survey, Vol. 31, No. 11 (Nov., 1991), pp. 1020-1039. [Available on JSTOR, with a subscription only) Kirsti Samuels, “Post-Conflict
Peace-Building and Constitution-Making,” Chicago. Journal of International Law, Vol
6, Number 2, (Winter 2006): 663-682. [Available in PDF] Links to articles on
Constitution and the CA in various Nepali media outlets, collected by
Nepalresearch.com (they go back to 2004). Media
Resources for Nepal Because of their increasingly wider access, outreach and
public influence, the media today in Nepal are seen vital in creating
awareness on the process and issues of CMP. A vigilant and critical press
reports consistently on the constitutional process and interprets its many
facets in a balanced manner. Too often, reporting on the CMP is perceived as a boring
enterprise, and experts also criticize reporters’ works as shallow and
sensational. The challenge before journalists and writers is how to cover it
in a realistic frame, enable a lively and comprehensive debate on the many
critical issues of the Constitution, and perhaps more importantly, help
define the role of media under the new Constitution. Although seminars focusing on media role (more often on
the provisions for media freedoms) in the CPA have become not too infrequent
in the past year, online access (an in many cases offline also) to the
proceedings are hardly available. Most of the sponsors of such seminars have
Web presence. ■ The Nepal Research website has some links leading to
stories on media vis-à-vis the Constitution and the CPA. ■ The Nepal Press Institute (with support from
Japan International Cooperation Agency/Nepal- JICA Nepal) recently released Samidhan ra Media
(2009) [Constitution and the Media, 2009; 161 pages, price not listed]. The
book is not available online. The Nepali language book includes four essays, three of
which relate to the media. The essay “The CMP and the Press” (Kashi Raj Dahal) dwells on the
process and subject matter of the CMP, role of the press in a democracy, the
Constitution and press freedom, the role of the press in the CMP (present
alternatives, inform the public, form public opinion on nature of democracy,
state structure, form of government, electoral system, etc.). This is a
normative essay focusing on the theoretical foundations of democracy. The paper “Inclusion
and the Mass Media” (Kundan Aryal) traces the roots of inclusiveness in Nepal, common
commitments and issues of concern, political communication and Nepali mass
media. Some empirical material on how the Nepali press covers politics (has
not taken as much initiative in fostering the debate as it did in calling for
consolidation of democracy and political inclusion, the coverage is
ritualistic, shallow, driven by political speeches, at analysis on the
various committees is skewed). “People’s Right to Information” (Agni Kharel & Tanka Prasad Dulal) offers
perspectives on global and local developments in the RTI, provisions in the
Constitution, and examines some cases. ■ A summary of the
seminar on the role of media in Constitution-making,
organized by Press Chautari Nepal (PC) with support
from Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Nepal, 4 July 2009, Nagarkot. ■ A case from EU: Julie Firmstone
and Paul Statham
examine social actors, their communicative links, level of participation and
debates during the ratification of the EU Constitutional Treaty in the
British media [Available in
PDF]. Expert
sources Too often, in Nepal, politicians become news sources
rather than experts. While lawmakers (as chairs of committees) and party
leaders make good news sources for their experiences and political positions,
the best journalistic practice to reach a better and objective version of a
truth is to quote various experts on a given field of knowledge. The CCD’s Roster of Experts may serve as a
beginning point. Unfortunately, contact addresses for these experts are not
given, and they also have no page for media outreach. For general info, the
CCD can be contacted 977-1-4785998 / 4785486 / 4785466. Facsimile:
977-1-4785487. E-mail: info@ccd.org.np The Society of Constitutional and Parliamentary Exercises
(SCOPE) Website also leads to some expert
sources. The executive board
on their Consortium of Constitutional Experts (CONCOE) has some
names (but without contact addresses). They can be reached at 00 977 1)
4410624 or 4411303. Email: scopenp@gmail.com Links of
interest Nepal Constituent Assembly Portal (CA Portal), Nepal Law Commission (NLC, Constitution page here),
Supreme Court of Nepal (SC), Ministry of
Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs (MLJPA), Nepal Bar
Association (NBA). The US-based non-profit, constitution.org, has many resources covering
Constitutions) The Media in Post-Conflict Societies (MPCS) from Center
for International Media Assistance (CIMA), and Media in Conflict and Post-Conflict Situations (MCPCS/UNESCO)
resources for media. To add resources or and to update
this inventory, please email us at mediafoundnepal@gmail.com ■■■■■■■■
Nov. 09/2009: Media Foundation is currently in
the process of compiling a comprehensive bibliography on journalism,
communications and related fields in media studies. This bibliography covers
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri
Lanka. The project is aimed at informing country-specific media studies with
cross-national and regional contexts. We welcome and appreciate any references and support to
help make this project a useful resource. Please email us your suggestions,
comments and input at: mediafoundnepal@gmail.com
■■■■■■■■ Online Resources for Reporting and Follow-Up on the
Jajarkot Diarrhea Epidemic Aug. 28/2009: So far, 282 people have lost their
lives in Nepal’s Far West Region’s Diarrhoeal
epidemic that began in early May. The most affected is Jajarkot district (141
deaths). Rukum has also suffered 46 deaths. In all, 19 districts are affected. Since access is limited to the region due to difficult
geography and the monsoon season, latest figures are not available and those
that are available are updates mainly from the international relief agencies.
The government’s official Websites have posted little, if any,
information on the crisis. The following links have been culled to help journalists
locate relevant and valuable information to add facts, background and context
to their reports on the continuing tragedy and the relief efforts: ● LOCATION: Searchable Interactive AlterNet Map. A Bing map also provides an
aerial and bird's eye view of Jajarkot. ● GRAPHICS: A ReliefWeb
map (last updated on 16 July, 2009) graphically showing
the diarrhea outbreak areas, with
casualty figures. A map showing the location of health camps,
RelefWeb (20 July, 2009). District Public Health
Office confirmed “111 diarrhea
related deaths in Jajarkot District from 1 May to 16 July 2009. Access to
remote affected areas is time consuming and delays delivery of medical
supplies and health staff.”
● FAMINE: Continuing food shortage (acute
malnutrition) in Jajarkot (as well as Kalikot,
Humla, Mugu, Dolpa, Bajura, Achham, Dailekh, Rukum districts in the Far Western Region), has worsened
the situation. This survey report
from Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives/Government of Nepal and UN
World Food Programme (July 2008) provides an
overview of the famine: "The
assessment found that the food security situation is indeed precarious in the
affected areas of the districts and the situation is further exacerbated by
the sharp rise in food and fuel costs seen in recent months. Yarsagumba collection from Dolpa
is also a significant source of income supplementation, with a reported
20,000 people from Jajarkot alone traveling to Dolpa
this season.” Jajarkot alone is short of 1589 mt
in cereal production this year. ● WHO REPORTS: The UN World Health Organization has
an exclusive page with situation reports
on the epidemic, with statistics on health camps, VDCs,
people treated and sick as well as deaths. WHO’s reporting began on July
21, 2009. The first report notes "In
Jajarkot district, currently 11 VDCs (out of 30 VDCs) reported exact number of 2190 cases with only 61
deaths." There are 7
reports so far, the latest (10 August, 2009) summarizes the cumulative number
of the treated and the dead since 1st May 2009. ● DEATH TOLL: WHO’s latest death data
on diarrhea - Jajarkot (141 deaths), Rukum (46), Dolpa (1), Rolpa (6), Salyan (3), Dailekh (17), Bajura (6), Dadeldhura (4), Doti (6), Surkhet (14), Kanchanpur (1), Pyuthan (2), Makwanpur (0), Dang (0), Achham
(17), Bajhang (7), Baitadi
(9), Dhading (0), Kailali
(2). "Access to the areas continue
to be a challenge, the difficult terrain and bad weather conditions not only
hampering the delivery of supplies to the affected districts and VDCs, but also making it difficult to monitor the
delivery of the supplies to the population in need. The continuing monsoon
season is expediting the spread of the disease to other districts, thereby
enhancing the need for better surveillance." ●
TIPS ON REPORTING: Journalists in Nepal (like in many other countries)
are lacking in health reporting skills and support apparatus. These resources
on Public Health reporting from Reuters are useful. The Reporting Health Website, based in the
US, also offers relevant info. ● OFFICIAL GOVERNMENT SITES: The Ministry of Health and Population has no updates on the
diarrhea, but it does include the names of important newsmakers as well as
health strategies and plans. For
example, the Health Sector Strategy (2004) is available, but it does not specifically
anticipate diarrhoeal outbreaks. The Department of Health Services (DoHS)
also has no updates on the crisis, as of August 28, 2009. ●
RESEARCH AND ADVOCACY: Online information on the diarrhoeal
health epidemic is not available in these Websites, but these lead to expert
sources. For example, the Nepal Health Research Council, established to
promote scientific study and quality research in health in Nepal, has a page
with its executive members
and another page with
its Education Committee members. For more, you can contact them (Phone:
977-1-4254220/4227460). And here, too. Nepal Medical Council is another related source to follow. There is also the Nepal Health Economics Association,
which advocates a fair spending in the health sector. They can be contacted
for relevant information (phone: 977-1-4423821, email: nhea@wlink.com.np). This page leads to NHEA members. ● DIARRHEA INFO: Diarrhea Medical Facts
from MedicineNet. FamilyDoctor.org also has some
good recommendations.
Also: Diarrhea facts for Travelers,
from Center for Disease Control, USA. And this one is one man’s effort to affect
lives for the better (blog of Brian Clark, a
Diarrhea survivor himself). Diarrhea in history—a comprehensive overview
by Matthew L. Lim, MD, Mark R. Wallace, MD, in Infect Dis
Clin N Am 18 (2004) 261–274. Here is Google
timeline for diarrhea worldwide. ● OPEN SOURCE: Not always reliable info, but
sometimes provides good updates—from Wikipedia.
● STATISTICS: Health statistics online are not
available easily. These links at HealthNet lead to some such stuff (outdated, in some
cases, maybe). ● SOME NEWSMAKERS: Umakanta
Chaudhary, Minister for Health & Population
(Phone: 977-1- 4262763/4262534. More contacts at Ministry here). National Health Education,
Information, and Communication (Phone: 977-1- 4254673/4261387). Khyam Bahadur Thapa, Jajarkot Chief District Officer (Phone, District
Administration Office: 089-649130133, fax 649130). Dr. Krishna Hari Subedi, Chief of the
District Health office, Jajarkot. Rajeev Shah (a descendent of the Jajarkoti royalty), from the Jajarkot
Cholera Disaster Coordination Committee. (mf) To add resources, eyewitness
accounts or significant sources to this list, please email us at mediafoundnepal@gmail.com |
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